An international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion. The original Protocol was agreed on 1987 and entered into force on 1989. In the 26 years following the signing of the Protocol, there has been a reduction of over 98% in the consumption of ozone-depleting substances. As a result, climate projections indicate that the ozone layer will return to 1980 levels between 2050 and 2070. The resulting reduction in ultraviolet radiation will prevent an estimated 2 million cases of skin cancer, and several million cases of cataracts, each year by 2030. The Protocol was ratified by all the countries in the United Nations (196 states and the European Union), making it a prime example of exceptional international co-operation. Key to the success of The Protocol was the creation of a Multilateral Fund to assist developing countries meet their commitments.
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Effect of Montreal Protocol on Effective Chlorine Concentration: Shows historic (up to 2007) and estimated future chlorine concentrations in the atmosphere. Historic concentrations are subdivided by source. CFCs emissions are the largest source, accounting for close to 50% of chlorine in the atmosphere by 2007.
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Size of Ozone Hole Over Antarctica 1979-2008: The area of the ozone hole increased rapidly in the 80's. With the entering into effect of The Montreal Protocol in the early 90's, the sharp increase was arrested. Thereafter, the hole area has stayed under 26.6 million km2, for the period recorded up to 2008.
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Global CFC and HCFC Emissions Estimates Using WMO's 2010 Data: Includes historic data for emission of ozone depleting substances CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbon) and HCFCs (Hydrochlorofluorocarbons), as well as projections until year 2060 based on controls imposed by The Montreal Protocol. HCFC consumption increase until 2013, as it was allowed as an interim substitute of CFC. From then on consumption of both substances is mandated to decline.
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